The Mississippi Map Turtle, scientifically known as Graptemys pseudogeographica kohnii, is a small to medium-sized freshwater turtle native to the central United States. These turtles are named for the intricate, map-like patterns on their shells, which are one of their most distinguishing features. Also called "Sawback Turtles" due to the serrated edges of their carapace, these turtles are admired for their striking appearance and fascinating behavior.
Mississippi Map Turtles typically live for 15–25 years in captivity with proper care, though in the wild, their lifespan can be shorter due to environmental challenges and predators. Adult males grow to about 3.5–6 inches, while females are significantly larger, reaching 6–10 inches in length. Males are generally slimmer and have longer tails compared to females. They weigh between 1–2 pounds, with females being heavier due to their larger size.
Their carapace is olive to dark brown, adorned with yellowish lines forming the "map" pattern. The plastron (underside) is lighter, often yellow or cream-colored. The turtles have yellow stripes running along their heads and limbs, with a distinctive crescent-shaped marking behind each eye. Compared to other map turtles, the Mississippi Map Turtle has less pronounced keel ridges but retains its characteristic shell serration at the rear.
These turtles originate from the Mississippi River and its tributaries, spanning regions from Illinois to Louisiana. They are most commonly found in slow-moving rivers, oxbow lakes, and swamps with abundant basking spots. In colder climates, they enter a state of brumation, where their metabolism slows down significantly, and they rest underwater or buried in mud. Unlike full hibernation, they may occasionally surface for air during warmer winter days.
Mississippi Map Turtles breed during spring and early summer in the wild. Females lay 6–12 eggs per clutch, typically on sandy riverbanks. In captivity, successful breeding requires replicating natural environmental conditions, including temperature fluctuations and nesting substrates.
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Mississippi Map Turtle Care Guide
Caring for a Mississippi Map Turtle requires understanding their specific needs and behaviors. Regular monitoring of their health is essential, as these turtles are susceptible to shell infections, respiratory issues, and vitamin deficiencies. Symptoms of illness include lethargy, swollen eyes, or changes in appetite. Their shells should be checked regularly for cracks, discoloration, or soft spots, which could indicate health problems. Keeping the water clean and properly filtered is crucial for preventing infections.
Grooming primarily involves maintaining water quality, as they do not require brushing or other physical cleaning. A healthy Mississippi Map Turtle will frequently bask, which helps prevent shell rot and promotes vitamin D synthesis. Providing UVB lighting is essential for their overall health.
Mississippi Map Turtles are moderately active and curious pets. They enjoy basking under heat lamps and swimming in their enclosure. Annual ownership costs include the setup and maintenance of their habitat, food, and healthcare. A breakdown might look like this:
- Electricity for lighting and heating: $100–$200 annually.
- Veterinary care: $50–$200 as needed.
Some reliable brands for turtle care products include Zoo Med, Exo Terra, and Fluval, which offer high-quality filters, UVB lights, and food pellets. These products can be purchased online through stores like Chewy, Amazon, or local pet retailers.
Yes, Mississippi Map Turtles are aquatic. They live in rivers and large streams with flowing water. They are strong swimmers and spend most of their time in the water or basking nearby.
Mississippi Map Turtles are not nocturnal. They are active during the day and sleep at night. Their daily routine includes basking in sunlight and searching for food in the water.
A Mississippi Map Turtle's diet should mimic what they eat in the wild—an omnivorous mix of animal and plant matter. Live foods like crickets, mealworms, and feeder fish provide protein and enrichment. Fresh foods, including dark leafy greens (kale, collard greens), shredded carrots, and aquatic plants like duckweed, should also be included. Packaged foods like turtle pellets from brands like Rep-Cal, Mazuri, or Zoo Med can make up a balanced diet when supplemented with fresh food.
Feed juvenile turtles daily, while adults can be fed every other day. Overfeeding can lead to obesity and shell deformities, so portions should be controlled. Foods to avoid include fatty meats, dairy products, and processed human foods. It’s also important to ensure their diet contains adequate calcium, which can be supplemented with cuttlebone or calcium powders.
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Mississippi Map Turtle Habitat Requirements
Creating the ideal habitat for a Mississippi Map Turtle requires replicating its natural environment. A tank with both aquatic and dry basking areas is ideal. A 40-gallon tank is the minimum size for a single adult, but larger enclosures are recommended, especially if housing multiple turtles. For a breeding pair or a small group, a 75–100 gallon tank is ideal.
The water should be deep enough for swimming, typically at least twice the length of the largest turtle. A reliable filtration system is necessary to maintain water quality, as turtles produce significant waste. A water heater should keep the temperature between 75–80°F, while the basking area should be maintained at 85–90°F using a heat lamp. UVB lighting is essential for shell and bone health.
Substrate options include river rocks or fine sand, but avoid small gravel that could be ingested. Adding live aquatic plants like anacharis or artificial decorations provides enrichment. Secure basking platforms are essential, and flat rocks or floating turtle docks work well.
For housing multiple turtles, ensure ample space to reduce territorial disputes. If breeding, include a nesting box with a sandy substrate where females can lay eggs. Monitoring water pH and ammonia levels is crucial for maintaining a healthy environment.
Yes, Mississippi Map Turtles can carry Salmonella. Like other turtles, they may spread the bacteria through contact or in their tank water. Always wash your hands after handling them.
Owning a Mississippi Map Turtle is legal in many U.S. states, but some like Hawaii or California may restrict turtle ownership or require permits. It’s best to check your local laws beforehand.
Mississippi Map Turtles are naturally shy but can become more interactive over time. They enjoy exploring their habitat and basking under heat lamps. Hand-feeding is possible once they become accustomed to their owner, but they should not be over-handled, as it can cause stress.
While they can be allowed to roam in safe, controlled areas outside their tank, they should not be left unsupervised. A multi-species habitat can include compatible fish like guppies or tetras and other non-aggressive aquatic turtles, but monitor interactions closely to avoid conflicts.
Enrichment is key to a happy turtle. Floating toys, edible aquatic plants, and varied food options keep them engaged. Brands like Zoo Med offer enrichment products like floating docks and feeding rings that encourage natural foraging behaviors.
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Want to Buy a Mississippi Map Turtle? Things to Look For
When purchasing a Mississippi Map Turtle, look for active individuals with clear eyes, healthy shells, and good swimming behavior. Prices range from $20 to $100, depending on size and age. In the U.S., states like Florida and Texas may have regulations regarding the sale of small turtles, so always check local laws.
In countries like the UK, Canada, and Japan, Mississippi Map Turtles are available but may require permits. Some places, like India and parts of Europe, have strict laws prohibiting their ownership due to conservation concerns. Reputable online stores include Underground Reptiles and My Turtle Store, while local pet shops can also be a good option.
By ensuring proper care and attention, Mississippi Map Turtles can thrive as captivating additions to your home.
More Mississippi Map Turtle facts
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